A literary legend
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Cuba is a country with a rich and diverse culture that is characterized by various historical and social influences. This culture is reflected in music, dance, art, religion and everyday traditions. Cuban culture is the result of a fascinating mix of indigenous, African, Spanish and Caribbean influences. This unique combination makes Cuba a cultural treasure that attracts visitors from all over the world.
Cuba Culture - An overview
Historical influences
Spanish colonization left a lasting mark on Cuba, particularly through its architecture, language and religion. Many historic buildings in cities such as Havana and Trinidad bear witness to this era. African influences came through the slaves brought from West Africa and are particularly strong in music, dance and religion. Neighboring Caribbean islands have also contributed to the cultural diversity.
Music and dance
Cuba is world-famous for its lively music and dances such as salsa and rumba, which have evolved from African and Spanish traditions and characterize everyday life. Son Cubano, an important musical style, is regarded as the forerunner of many modern Latin American genres. Music and dance are central elements of Cuban identity and are celebrated at many festivities. They also have a considerable international influence and inspire people all over the world.
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Literature - A window to the soul of Cuba
Cuba's literature is characterized by the colonial era, the revolution and socialist ideals. Famous authors such as José Martí, Nicolás Guillén and Alejo Carpentier have made significant contributions with their works. Their texts reflect the political and social upheavals and are deeply rooted in Cuban culture. Ernest Hemingway, although not Cuban, lived in Cuba for many years and was inspired by the island, which is evident in works such as "The Old Man and the Sea". Cuban literature is a window into the country's history and soul.
Our 3 book recommendations:
- "Versos Sencillos" by José Martí
- "El siglo de las luces" by Alejo Carpentier
- "Tres tristes tigres" by Guillermo Cabrera Infante
Havannas Geschichten
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Literary Bohemian Tour
Culinary Cuba
Cuban cuisine is a reflection of the country's cultural diversity, with influences from Spain, Africa and the Caribbean. Typical dishes such as ropa vieja (shredded beef), moros y cristianos (black beans and rice) and tostones (fried plantains) are widespread. Cuba is also known for its refreshing drinks such as the Mojito and the Cuba Libre, which are appreciated worldwide.
Sport
Sport plays a central role in Cuban life, with baseball and boxing being the most popular disciplines. Cuba has a long tradition of international sport and has produced many successful athletes. Sporting activity is both part of everyday life and a means of national identification. Sporting events and competitions are followed and celebrated with great enthusiasm.
Discover Cuba's treasures: Top group tours!
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8 days / 7 nights
Cuba's green west
- Cuba's most beautiful landscapes
- Dreamlike white sandy beaches on Cayo Levisa
- Orchid gardens, waterfalls and the tobacco factory in Pinar del Río
Active Group Tour
12 days / 11 nights
Cuba Cross Over
- Our most popular active round trip
- Dream beaches of Cayo Jutias
- Trinidad, Viñales, Cienfuegos, Havana
Group Tour
8 days / 7 nights
Highlights of Cuba
- 8 selected highlights in 8 days
- Havana, Viñales, Trinidad, Cienfuegos etc.
- Hiking in the Topes de Collantes National Park
The history of Christianity in Cuba
Christianity has a long and complex history in Cuba, dating back to the arrival of the Spanish colonizers in the 16th century. Catholicism was introduced by the Spanish conquistadors and quickly established itself as the dominant religion. Today, Christianity in Cuba is divided into two main streams: Catholicism and Protestantism.
Catholicism remains the largest religious grouping in Cuba. The Catholic Church played a central role in Cuba's colonial history and still has a significant influence on Cuban society today. Catholic holidays such as Christmas and Easter are important events in the Cuban calendar, and many Cubans regularly attend mass. The Catholic Church in Cuba is organized into dioceses and is under the authority of the Archbishopric of Havana. Despite the atheistic orientation of the Cuban government after the 1959 revolution, the relationship between state and church has improved in recent decades, particularly through the visits of Popes John Paul II in 1998 and Benedict XVI in 2012.
Alongside Catholicism, Protestantism has gained in importance in Cuba. Protestant churches have seen a considerable increase in membership in recent decades, partly due to the social and charitable work of these congregations. Many Protestant churches offer community programs, educational opportunities and health services that address the needs of the Cuban population. These activities have made Protestantism particularly popular in rural areas and among the poorer sections of the population.
Santería: Hidden spirituality in Cuba
Santería, also known as Regla de Ocha, is a syncretic religion that originated in Cuba. Its roots go back to the Yoruba, a people from West Africa who were brought to Cuba during slavery. The enslaved Africans combined their traditional beliefs with Catholicism, which was imposed on them by the Spanish colonial rulers, leading to the emergence of Santería. In Santería, the Orishas are worshipped, divine beings who represent aspects of nature and human life. Each Orisha is associated with certain powers, colors, symbols and ritual practices. For example, Obatala, the god of purity and wisdom, is often associated with the color white and is honored with white offerings such as flowers and coconut milk.
A characteristic feature of Santería is its syncretism, in which African Orishas are equated with Catholic saints. This fusion enabled the African slaves to continue their religious practices in secret. For example, Obatala is often syncretized with the Virgin Mary or Saint Alphonsus Liguori.
Today, Santería is not only practiced in Cuba, but also in many other countries, particularly in the United States, Puerto Rico and the Dominican Republic. Despite the challenges posed by modernization and government restrictions, Santería remains a vibrant and dynamic religion that continues to appeal to many people.
Other religions in Cuba
Cuba has a remarkable religious diversity beyond Christianity and Santería. One of the most important non-Christian religions is Islam, which is practiced by a small but growing community. Buddhism is also represented, especially by the Chinese diaspora in Havana. There are also followers of Judaism, who are mainly based in the capital and have a synagogue and various cultural institutions. There are also smaller groups that follow Hindu and other spiritual traditions, practicing their rituals and beliefs in private and communal spaces. This religious diversity contributes to Cuba's cultural plurality and rich spiritual heritage.
Religious holidays in Cuba?
Despite Cuba's secular past, there are now two statutory religious holidays per year: Christmas Day on December 25 and Good Friday. These holidays were reintroduced by the Cuban government, which had originally abolished them, on the occasion of the visits of the popes in 1998 and 2012.
You can find out more about these and all other public holidays in Cuba in our article.
Religion Cuba - Frequently asked questions
Cuba has a diverse religious landscape in which Catholicism is the dominant religion. African religions such as Santería, which combines African beliefs with Catholicism, also play an important role.
There is a small but growing Muslim community in Cuba. The number of Muslims on the island is estimated at around 9,000.
Santería is a syncretic religion that combines African beliefs with Catholicism and is widespread in Cuba.
Obatala is an important deity in the Yoruba religion and the Santería, who is worshipped as the creator of humanity and as a symbol of wisdom, purity and peace. He is often associated with the color white and moral virtues such as justice and compassion.
Yes, Cubans celebrate Christmas. After its reintroduction as an official holiday in 1997, it is celebrated with traditional food, family gatherings and religious ceremonies.
Art has a high status in Cuba, with well-known artists in the fields of painting, music, dance and literature shaping the country's cultural identity.
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Population & Language
Explore Cuba's diverse culture and language, a mixture of African, Spanish and Caribbean influences.
Festivals in Cuba
It's not just on public holidays that people in Cuba get out and celebrate. Visit one of the many Cuban festivals and let yourself be carried away!
Cuban food
Experience Cuba's fascinating range of culinary delights and let yourself be seduced by the many exotic flavors!
All important travel information
Visit our travel information page and discover everything you need to know for your upcoming trip to Cuba. Here you will find details on the best time to travel, information on the time change and recommendations for important health precautions you should take before you leave.
We have compiled all the necessary information for you to ensure that your stay in Cuba is pleasant and smooth. You can also find out more about local customs, safety advice and tips for an authentic and unforgettable stay.